2.6.7 HINDU ART: BRAHMANICAL AND MUHAMMADAN-HINDU.2.6.1 EARLY CHRISTIAN AND BYZANTINE ART.2.5.9 HINDU ART: INDUS, VEDIC, AND BUDDHIST.2.5.5 ART IN THE TIGRIS-EUPHRATES VALLEY, PERSIA.Gardner's Art Through the Ages (1926) is an American textbook on the history of art written by Helen Gardner (1878–1946).Īttention is given to the high arts and the decorative arts. ![]() ![]() These families are composed of intensely individual members, though they represent two fairly coherent, contrasting points of view- which may be illustrated roughly, one by Matisse and the fauves and the other by Picasso and the cubists."- Gardner's Art Through the Ages (1926) by Helen Gardner "In a general way, most of the modern painters belong to one of two main lines of descent, with many border-line cases: Seurat-Cezanne-Picasso-the cubists Van Gogh-Gauguin-Matisse-the fauves-the expressionists. One is not surprised to find Italian opera developing rapidly, and the aria, with much florid embroidery, the vogue of the day or the rise of the viol family among instruments, culminating at Cremona in the creations of the Stradivarius family."- Gardner's Art Through the Ages (1926) by Helen Gardner Hence the motivation of both secular and religious interests was to feed strained emotionalism with grandiloquent brilliance. This trend was confirmed by the Jesuits, recently established in Spain, whose influence was powerful not only in missionary endeavor but also in holding adherents loyal in the face of powerful heresies. A complacent, decadent Church, threatened with disintegration by the progress of the Reformation in northern Europe, aroused itself into reform through the Counter-Reformation, and saw in the pomp and circumstance of the rising baroque style a type of expression that could overawe with splendor. A secular life centered in display found its needed stimulation in a grandiloquence that surprised and overwhelmed the senses. ![]() Hence one expects to find complexity and contradiction, technical virtuosity, and theatrical realism. The coming of the seventeenth century marked the decline of the Renaissance in Italy, as the sixteenth marked its maturity and the fifteenth its youth. " BAROQUE is an excellent example of the necessity for looking at the culture that is responsible for a style of art and the reasons for the character of that culture. The essential nature of that mysterious, intangible, indefinable something that we call art baffles us." - Gardner's Art Through the Ages (1926) by Helen Gardner A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (1884-1886) by Georges Seurat
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